Questions
Answers to questions business owners ask about bookkeeping, accounting, and making sense of their financial position.
What does a fractional CFO actually do that my accountant does not?
Your accountant records and reports what happened. A fractional CFO uses those numbers to shape what happens next through forecasting, cash strategy, pricing analysis, and guidance on the decisions that drive growth.
Read answerWe are too small for a CFO, right?
Probably not. Fractional CFO services exist precisely for businesses in the low millions of revenue where decisions carry real consequences but a full-time hire is not justified.
Read answerWhat happens in a financial review meeting?
The financial review meeting is a conversation about what your results mean and the decisions they inform, not a report reading. We walk through performance in plain language, cash position and what is coming, margins by the lines that matter, and the decisions on your mind examined against the numbers.
Read answerHow do I know if I need quarterly advisory, monthly advisory, or CFO-Lite?
The right tier depends on the season your business is in and what's on the horizon. Quarterly fits steady businesses wanting periodic senior perspective. Monthly fits owners in motion. CFO-Lite fits businesses making consequential moves.
Read answerWhat does it mean to be ready for financing, and how far ahead should I start?
Being ready for financing means having current, accurate financial statements, clean books behind them, a cash flow story that holds up, and an owner who can explain the numbers. Start at least three to six months before you apply.
Read answerHow do I evaluate whether an acquisition or expansion actually makes sense?
Start by modeling the real economics under honest assumptions. Calculate the fully loaded cost, project conservative earnings, stress test the downside, and compare against what else you could do with the same capital and attention.
Read answerWhat is a cash flow forecast, and why would a profitable business need one?
A cash flow forecast is a forward-looking view of money coming in and going out over the weeks and months ahead. Profitable businesses need one because profit on paper doesn't mean cash in the bank, and timing differences can create cash shortfalls even when the business is healthy.
Read answerMy reports arrive every month and I skim them. What am I supposed to be doing with them?
Reports are raw material. The real value is knowing which handful of numbers actually run your business and having someone walk through them with you. That's why review conversations matter more than report delivery.
Read answerHow does succession or exit planning show up in the numbers years before a sale?
Exit planning shows up in years of clean, consistent books prepared the same way every month. Buyers pay for financial history that tells a reliable story, owner compensation that's clearly separated, and margins that hold up under scrutiny.
Read answerWhat is the difference between being busy and being profitable, in practice?
Revenue growth can mask declining margins, and some clients consume more than they pay. The cure is margin visibility by service line, project, or client, grounded in clean books and the discipline to act on what the numbers reveal.
Read answerCan advisory help with tax planning if you do not prepare taxes?
Yes. Advisory work raises tax planning considerations throughout the year and coordinates with your tax professional who prepares the return. You get a financial leader and a tax preparer working from the same clean books.
Read answerWhat does the first ninety days of an advisory engagement look like?
The first step is confirming the books are reliable enough to support advisory work. If cleanup is needed, that comes first. Once the foundation is solid, the engagement moves to understanding how your business makes money, what decisions are ahead, and establishing a working rhythm.
Read answerMy banker asked for accrual financial statements. What is she really asking for?
Your banker wants to see the real economics of your business, not just when cash moved. Accrual statements show revenue when earned and expenses when incurred, revealing receivables, payables, and work in progress that cash-basis books hide.
Read answerWhat actually happens during a monthly close?
A monthly close turns a month of activity into trustworthy financial statements. It includes categorizing transactions, reconciling accounts, booking accruals where needed, reviewing for anomalies, and producing reports by a deadline.
Read answerWhy do you price accounting per entity?
Each legal entity requires its own complete set of books, close process, and financial statements. Per-entity pricing reflects the real work involved and avoids the corner-cutting that creates problems for lenders, tax professionals, and your own decision-making.
Read answerWhat is class or location tracking, and when does a business need it?
Class and location tracking lets you tag transactions by division, location, or service line so your financial statements can show which parts of the business make money. It becomes worth the discipline once you're running meaningfully different lines or sites.
Read answerHow do I know which accounting tier my business needs?
The right tier depends less on revenue and more on how you use financial information. Core delivers reliable monthly books. Growth adds accrual accounting and quarterly review conversations. Managed means monthly attention and KPI tracking.
Read answerWhat do clean books actually get me besides peace of mind?
Clean books are business infrastructure, not just compliance paperwork. They enable financing on better terms, decisions grounded in reality, credibility in negotiations, and a business that can be evaluated and sold without months of reconstruction work.
Read answerOur books have not been touched properly in over a year. How bad is the fix?
The fix depends on how many accounts you have, how many transactions flowed through, and the condition of your records when work starts. A year behind can range from a light cleanup to a heavier project, but most situations are fixable with a clear plan.
Read answerWhat KPIs should an established business actually watch?
The right set is five to seven metrics, not twenty. Most established businesses need cash position and forward cash, margin by the lines that matter, receivables aging, and labor or delivery cost as a percentage of revenue, plus one or two numbers specific to their industry.
Read answerWhy does my profit and loss disagree with my bank balance?
They measure different things. Your profit and loss shows economic performance over a period. Your bank balance shows cash at a single moment. Both are accurate, but several items create legitimate gaps between them.
Read answerWhat should financial statements look like before I show them to a lender or partner?
Financial statements for lenders or partners should be current within weeks, internally consistent with the underlying books, and presented on accrual basis. They need to be clean of errors like negative balances, uncategorized piles, and intercompany confusion that erode trust.
Read answerWhy is Hawaii's GET not just a sales tax with a different name?
GET is levied on the business's gross receipts, not collected from customers. It covers nearly everything including services and B2B activity, and it allows no deduction for expenses. You owe GET even in a losing month.
Read answerWhat GET rate does my business actually pay?
Most Hawaii businesses pay an effective rate of 4.5 percent on gross income, combining the 4 percent base rate with a 0.5 percent county surcharge. Wholesale transactions and insurance commissions have lower rates. Classifying your activity into the right category is where compliance typically goes wrong.
Read answerIf I pass GET on to my customers, why is the right rate 4.712 percent and not 4.5?
Hawaii's General Excise Tax applies to your entire gross income, including the GET you collect from customers. Passing on exactly 4.5 percent leaves you short because you owe tax on that tax. The 4.712 percent rate accounts for this tax-on-tax effect.
Read answerHow often do I file GET returns, and what are the G-45 and G-49?
Filing frequency depends on your annual GET liability, with monthly, quarterly, or semiannual options. The G-45 is your periodic return due the 20th of the following month, and the G-49 is your annual reconciliation due April 20 for calendar-year businesses.
Read answerWhat happens if GET filings are late or missed?
Hawaii charges a 5 percent penalty per month on late GET filings, up to 25 percent of the tax due, with interest accruing on top. Skipped periods read as noncompliance even when no tax was owed.
Read answerI run wholesale and retail activity through the same business. How does GET treat that?
Hawaii's General Excise Tax applies different rates to each transaction type, not to your business as a whole. Wholesale sales to licensed resellers qualify for 0.5 percent while retail and services carry 4 percent plus any county surcharge.
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